Universalizing Geriatric Care: Ayushman Bharat Expansion for All Seniors Above 70

This policy intervention is critical as India undergoes a demographic transition. The elderly population is projected to double by 2050, reaching nearly 20% of the total population. Senior citizens often face chronic non-communicable diseases that require expensive secondary and tertiary care. By providing this safety net, the government aims to reduce high out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE), which is a primary driver of poverty in India. From a governance perspective, this move signifies a shift from 'targeted' welfare (based on SECC 2011 data) to 'universal' coverage for a specific age-based vulnerability. While the fiscal implications are significant, the social security benefits of protecting the elderly from catastrophic health expenditures are paramount. However, the success of this expansion will necessitate strengthening geriatric care infrastructure and ensuring seamless integration between private and public healthcare providers. UPSC Relevance: This development is a prime example of welfare schemes for vulnerable sections and issues relating to health management in GS Paper II. It can be used to discuss the transition toward Universal Health Coverage (UHC), the challenges of an ageing population in GS Paper I, and the state's role in providing social security to the elderly.