Cyclone Remal: Understanding the Dynamics of Pre-Monsoon Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has forecasted the formation of Cyclone ‘Remal’—the first pre-monsoon tropical cyclone of the 2024 season in the Bay of Bengal. Originating from a low-pressure area that is expected to intensify into a severe cyclonic storm by May 25, the system is projected to make landfall between the coasts of West Bengal and Bangladesh. This development is significant as it marks the beginning of the primary cyclonic window for the North Indian Ocean. Tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal typically occur in two peaks: the pre-monsoon period (April to June) and the post-monsoon period (October to December). The intensification of Remal is attributed to high Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs), often exceeding 30°C, which provide the necessary thermal energy for cyclogenesis. Furthermore, the atmospheric conditions, including low vertical wind shear and moisture availability, have facilitated the rapid strengthening of this system.